1,158 research outputs found
Non-Extensive Approach to Quark Matter
We review the idea of generating non-extensive stationary distributions based
on abstract composition rules for the subsystem energies, in particular the
relativistic generalized Boltzmann equation method. The thermodynamical
behavior of such systems is investigated and hadron spectra stemming from
relativistic heavy ion collisions are calculated by assuming quark coalescence.Comment: Review prepared for The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and
Nuclei, as part of a review block about applications of non-extensive
thermodynamics in high-energy phenomen
The on-line shortest path problem under partial monitoring
The on-line shortest path problem is considered under various models of
partial monitoring. Given a weighted directed acyclic graph whose edge weights
can change in an arbitrary (adversarial) way, a decision maker has to choose in
each round of a game a path between two distinguished vertices such that the
loss of the chosen path (defined as the sum of the weights of its composing
edges) be as small as possible. In a setting generalizing the multi-armed
bandit problem, after choosing a path, the decision maker learns only the
weights of those edges that belong to the chosen path. For this problem, an
algorithm is given whose average cumulative loss in n rounds exceeds that of
the best path, matched off-line to the entire sequence of the edge weights, by
a quantity that is proportional to 1/\sqrt{n} and depends only polynomially on
the number of edges of the graph. The algorithm can be implemented with linear
complexity in the number of rounds n and in the number of edges. An extension
to the so-called label efficient setting is also given, in which the decision
maker is informed about the weights of the edges corresponding to the chosen
path at a total of m << n time instances. Another extension is shown where the
decision maker competes against a time-varying path, a generalization of the
problem of tracking the best expert. A version of the multi-armed bandit
setting for shortest path is also discussed where the decision maker learns
only the total weight of the chosen path but not the weights of the individual
edges on the path. Applications to routing in packet switched networks along
with simulation results are also presented.Comment: 35 page
The Original Measurement of the Unemployment Rate is Obsolete-Interpretation of the Unemployment and Inactivity is Cumbersome and Redundant
In a society which can be described by the single-earner family model, unemployment and the unemployment rate could be relevant category of the economy in general, and that of macroeconomics in particular. In the 20th century, the share of employed women rose gradually, and as a result the traditional family model disintegrated by the second half of the century. The predominance of the dual-income family and the single-adult household model (cannot be regarded as insignificant), which crowded out the single-earner family model, does not allow the grouping of the population according to labour market criteria in the earlier manner even logically and it is also not supported by actual practice. If we want to measure the joint proportion of the unemployed and the inactive, we can only compare it to the number of working-age population, as the employment rate is the number of the employed compared to the working-age population
On Yang--Mills instantons over multi-centered gravitational instantons
In this paper we explicitly calculate the analogue of the 't Hooft SU(2)
Yang--Mills instantons on Gibbons--Hawking multi-centered gravitational
instantons which come in two parallel families: the multi-Eguchi--Hanson, or
A_k ALE gravitational instantons and the multi-Taub--NUT, or A_k ALF
gravitational instantons. We calculate their action and find the reducible
ones. Following Kronheimer we also exploit the U(1) invariance of our solutions
and study the corresponding explicit singular SU(2) magnetic monopole solutions
on Euclidean three-space.Comment: LaTeX, 15 pages, two incorporated figures; more references and
journal reference adde
GEFCOM 2014 - Probabilistic Electricity Price Forecasting
Energy price forecasting is a relevant yet hard task in the field of
multi-step time series forecasting. In this paper we compare a well-known and
established method, ARMA with exogenous variables with a relatively new
technique Gradient Boosting Regression. The method was tested on data from
Global Energy Forecasting Competition 2014 with a year long rolling window
forecast. The results from the experiment reveal that a multi-model approach is
significantly better performing in terms of error metrics. Gradient Boosting
can deal with seasonality and auto-correlation out-of-the box and achieve lower
rate of normalized mean absolute error on real-world data.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, KES-IDT 2015 conference. The final publication
is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19857-6_
Statistical Power Law due to Reservoir Fluctuations and the Universal Thermostat Independence Principle
Certain fluctuations in particle number at fixed total energy lead exactly to
a cut-power law distribution in the one-particle energy, via the induced
fluctuations in the phase-space volume ratio. The temperature parameter is
expressed automatically by an equipartition relation, while the q-parameter is
related to the scaled variance and to the expectation value of the particle
number. For the binomial distribution q is smaller, for the negative binomial q
is larger than one. These results also represent an approximation for general
particle number distributions in the reservoir up to second order in the
canonical expansion. For general systems the average phase-space volume ratio
expanded to second order delivers a q parameter related to the heat capacity
and to the variance of the temperature. However, q differing from one leads to
non-additivity of the Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy. We demonstrate that a deformed
entropy, K(S), can be constructed and used for demanding additivity. This
requirement leads to a second order differential equation for K(S). Finally,
the generalized q-entropy formula contains the Tsallis, Renyi and
Boltzmann-Gibbs-Shannon expressions as particular cases. For diverging
temperature variance we obtain a novel entropy formula.Comment: Talk given by T.S.Biro at Sigma Phi 2014, Rhodos, Greec
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